Sanmon 三门 of Manpukuji ©Jiang Wu 2014 |
This book investigates the intellectual,
social, and religious background of Chinese Zen master Yinyuan’s move to Japan in 1654 and the founding of
Manpukuji in 1661. Fully immersed in the Late Ming Buddhist revival, Yinyuan
followed a syncretic Buddhist practice but claimed to inherit the authentic
transmission from the Linji sect. He arrived in Japan
during the Ming-Qing transition and was quickly installed by the bakufu as symbol for representing China in a
Japan-centered world order. His presence in Edo Japan engendered various responses
from Japanese Buddhists and intellectuals who sought the meaning of
authenticity from Yinyuan. However, the image of his authenticity was
questioned and the symbolic presence of Chinese monks was disrupted during the
early eighteenth century when China
and Japan tightened their
control over the Nagasaki
trade. Situating Yinyuan and the religious events related to him in a broad
understanding of the “seventeenth-century crisis” in early Modern East Asia,
this book explains the success and fall of Yinyuan and his tradition in terms
of the Authenticity Crisis, meaning that Yinyuan’s
claim of religious, political, and cultural authenticity was facing challenges
at the wake of a rising Japan-centered identity in Edo Japan. Through the case
of Yinyuan, this study seeks to interpret the intellectual and cultural
transformation in early modern East Asia as
manifestations of the Authenticity Crisis. This book provides new perspectives
for rethinking the symbolic role of Buddhist monks in the process of
intellectual, political, and social transformation.
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